Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 23. doi: 10.1080/14728028.2014.907532. inter-planted between trees. The evolution of fruit tree productivity: a review. Cocoa is a major crop and income source for most farmers and rural households in the Centre, South and South-West regions of Cameroon, where cocoa is generally produced in agroforestry systems. IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria. Domestication and improvement of tropical crops for multi-functional farming systems. Nonetheless, the diachronic, approach highlights an increase in the number of backyard nurseries set up by farmers. It can be said that indigenous people had developed adequate skills on how to name the plants, distinguish the species, and utilize for daily purposes. An analysis of the structure of genetic diversity of cassava landrace populations at the community level showed that most landraces included singleton genotypes, even in villages where farmers imposed the strongest weeding pressures, Dynamics affecting the structural characteristics and the spatial extension of these systems emerged and were intimately linked to the dynamics of the cocoa farmer population in relation to their context. World Development 64:S56:S66. The most common phytopractices were, tree pruning, trunk notching, fertilizer and pesticide use. Generally, intensification, combination of an increased number of trees per unit of land area, a higher interest in, commercialization and an increased use of inputs (Rice 2008). 2012. 2014; Strengthening the livelihood of African rural and urban people using indigenous fruit tree species requires acquiring new knowledge on (i) the inter-relationship between human behaviours (managemen, The South Pacific region represents a unique context in which local communities and their political representatives are increasingly committed to integrated management of marine resources and space, p class="5abstrak">Tom-toman ( Indigofera ) plants are popular among batik and weavers' community in Indonesia for long time ago as one of natural dyes. The agricultural strategies depicted help us to understand the specificities of the ongoing market integration of indigenous species in the tropics. trees, the safou tree is one with the highest demand in the Congo Basin region. This study—carried out in the Akongo subregion in central Cameroon—was designed to gain insight into the CBAFS trends and dynamics in the light of those multiple changes. Non-wood forest products in international statistical systems. In the Tropics, urban trees' seed origins have rarely been characterized. importance to support on farm conservation and sustainable production strategies. 2002. Yaoundé: ICRAF. their products from those gathered from common-property forest resources. Waruhiu, A. N., J. Kengue, A. R. Atangana, Z. Tchoundjeu, and R. R. Leakey. In Cameroon, the species has drawn much attention since the 1990s because of its market potential. 2) A socio-political ecology perspective on interwoven fisheries and conservation issues within marine protected areas; Collana di Studi del. The etnobotany of Indigofera need to be analyzed by considering the indigenous knowledge of people who know and utilize the plants since ancient period, and passed the knowledge from their ancestors. The results show that NTFPs constitute a regular source of income (even though not the most important) for rural households due to their diversity. Heat inactivation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase as a function of water activity: A case study of mango drying Korbel E., Servent A., Billaud C., Brat P. . This system of multi-storied tree crop gardens also. La crise économique des années 1980 couplée à la dévaluation du franc CFA en 1994 ont entrainé une importante paupérisation des populations rurales camerounaises avec une chute importante du pouvoir d'achat. We acknowledge Olga Spellman (Bioversity International) for copyediting, phytochemical and economical properties. pérennes tropicales : Enjeux économiques et écologiques de la diversification, eds. However, this type of propagation material is sold by few small-scale, nurseries, and often at prohibitive costs (Degrande et al. forest product use: a global comparative study. Some samples of Indigofera found in Flores and Java were determined, and matched with the characteristics that had been released by several well-known botanists. Food, agriculture and environment, Zawedde, B. M., C. Harris, A. Alajo, J. Hancock, and R. Grumet. in the population, while less desirable phenotypes were less frequent. The agronomic factors in each site refer to the production, system (field size, associated tree diversity) and the site effect is the combination of economic,
Informant sampling and data collection, Semi-structured interviews were conducted from January to March 2017 with 131, respondents, all from households owning safou trees. 1999. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Vegetal non-timber forest. Keywords: indigenous tree species; local management strategies; intégrés dans les agroforêts à caféiers ou cacaoyers comme éléments de diversification. The three study sites are therefore marked by a gradient of interest in safou tree, 2) was tested with one-way ANOVA. diversified farming systems, relying on crop diversity and complementarity. They revealed that cocoa was the major crop in this study area, with cocoa plantations occupying three quarters of the total farming area. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. This method allows testing and summarizing of non-, parametric regression relationships. Regarding the use of agrochemical inputs compared to more traditional low-input, phytopractices, pesticides were used by an increasing proportion of farmers along the gradient, Table 5: Safou tree planting techniques and phytopractices reported by farmers for each site, (means ± SEM). 2008, Sunderland et al. Yield stability, tolerance to native biotic and abiotic stresses, and good taste were important for maintenance of currently grown varieties. Contribute to jacksonllee/datasets development by creating an account on GitHub. 2008; for a cactus species, see Parra et al. Le 22 décembre 1842, Nerval part pour l'Orient, passant successivement par Alexandrie, Le Caire, Beyrouth, Constantinople, Malte et Naples. La culture du palmier à huile comporte des impacts autant positifs que négatifs, toutefois les impacts négatifs sont nombreux, et, parfois difficiles à corriger d'où le dilemme. orchards producing avocado, mango or safou (Uwizeyimana and Uginet 2003). Agroecologically efficient, agricultural systems for smallholder farmers: contributions to food sovereignty. If we add increased human-driven selection to these considerations, questions about, This study stressed the heterogeneous strategies associated with the cultivation of safou trees. 19,99 €. interviews and field inventories in three study sites (Kekem, Koutaba and Makenene; Tab, in the Western Highlands of Cameroon (between 9°46'51.6"-11°00'59.7"E and 4°44'45.2"-, Cameroon, and ranks first for fruit exportation (Temple 2001). This project has been supported by Agropolis Fondation (through the “Programme, Investissement d’avenir” (Labex Agro: ANR, 1605-42, by the CGIAR Fund Donors and by the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees, and Agroforestry. The social, component of genetic diversity, including phytopractices and preferences, is indeed critical, for understanding crop intraspecific variation, This will also provide key elements to document processes of domestication and to establish. An energy analysis and characterization of safou (. wood products. Le 1er mars, Jules Janin publie un article nécrologique dans Les Débats. The variability of fruit traits is. Mbofung, C. M. F., T. Silou, and I. Mouragadja. 2007). The varieties represented by the highest number of trees were shared between two. Being a multipurpose species, it is, abundant in home gardens, agroforestry systems and as single isolated trees in villages or in, fields (Schreckenberg et al. The economics of tropical agroforestry systems: the case of agroforestry. Leakey, R. R. B., T. Nevenimo, J. Moxon, R. Pauku, H. Tate, T. Page, and J. Cornelius. with the rise of international trade, with buyers coming from Gabon or Equatorial Guinea. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12. doi: 10.1080/14728028.2002.9752412. Atangana, M.L. Parra, F., J. J. Blancas, and A. Casas. Aujourd'hui menacées par la déforestation industrielle, les forêts d'Afrique centrale hébergent pourtant depuis des millénaires des populations d'essarteurs pratiquant l'agriculture itinérante sur brûlis. 2017. 1) An environmental anthropology assessment of social values of places and resources in connection with offshore and inshore fisheries; En 324, la fondation de Constantinople sur les rives au Bosphore modifie les voyages impériaux, désormais organisés autour de la nouvelle capitale. 2000. No category Fundamento de Esperanto - El Correo de las Indias trees and no difference in practices when separating age category from gender (ESM 2). For taste, we recorded whether or not farmers considered fruits to be, sour-tasting (safou fruits are sometimes sour like lemon; good fruits are mild, Among the 451 trees sampled, complete data (description of size, taste, skin and pulp color), Table 1: Number and characteristics (gender, age, ethnic group, conducted in the study sites. The relationship between the different parameters and some selected variables detailed below, 0.05), Tukey’s HSD (honest significant difference) tests were computed, variables were the most explanatory regarding safou tree density, as well as the number of, cited safou varieties, conditional inference trees were used (for a detailed explanation of the, method see (Delêtre et al. In this study, we investigated which factors influence farmers’ behaviours towards self-sown ‘volunteer’ seedlings of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in a cross-cultural survey in Gabon, Central Africa. Béatrice Caseau, Vivien Prigent, Alessio Sopracasa), Travaux et Mémoires 21/1, 2017 2010. Middle East Journal of. The fruits, are one-seeded drupes, generally ellipsoid to oblong-ovoid, with high lipid, protein, fiber and, vitamin content (Mbofung et al. 2008. It is mostly cultivated as, and in home gardens (Figure 1). Profitez de millions d'applications Android récentes, de jeux, de titres musicaux, de films, de séries, de livres, de magazines, et plus encore. Improving livelihoods and nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa through, the promotion of indigenous and exotic fruit production in smallholders’ agroforestry. Our results demonstrated a reduction in species richness overtime, which may be due to continued resource extraction in the area, and that some species with low densities were even more affected. Noir. Therefore, they should be taken in consideration in management plans for cocoa- based systems in order to enhance their ecological and economic performance. Getting trees into farmers’ fields: success of rural nurseries in distributing high quality. Mature tree in an agroforest (above left); young tree in an orchard near Koutaba, Study sites in Western Cameroon. 2006). The top 5 tree species based on the chemical analysis ranking were: C. pentandra, M. excelsa, Eribroma oblungum, Alstonia boonei, Zanthoxylum heitzi. conservation initiatives and issues, and conflicts related to boundaries. In our, interviews, women tend to cite fewer fruit tree species, as they devote less time to their, management than men (Gautier and van Santen 2014, felling are male-dominated. Figure 4: Partitioning of tree density using the conditional inference tree method. Gockowski, J., V. Robiglio, S. Muilerman, and N. F. Agyeman. by exploring the large web of socio-cultural, geopolitical and policy connections within which fishing practices occur. intensification as a strategy for climate mitigation in Ghana. Perez, M. R., O. Ndoye, A. Eyebe, and D. L. Ngono. 2011. One hundred households were randomly selected for structured interviews for M. andongensis and 500 for M. kummel. Traditionally, the involvement of women with, generally the number of women involved in crop cultivation within a household was, associated with more diversified systems, although their involvement takes place in fields, with food crops rather than cash crops. 2017)). © 2008-2021 ResearchGate GmbH. A combination of literature review and in-depth data collated by CIFOR from households and markets for different periods corresponding to specific NTFP funded projects in Cameroon was used. Keywords: Livelihoods, NTFPs, national economy, income and employment. Avril n'a que quelques mois lorsque ses parents l'emmènent en croisière dans les Cyclades. Paysages et agroforêts en pays Bamileke (Ouest-Cameroun). First, studies on cash crop, cultivation strategies have shown that they are affected mostly by land use and market access, (Degrande et al. Degrande et al. micropropagation. This indicates their potential as new crops for the diversification and enrichment of diets. Considering that we were testing the effect of different local market integration on. Les élections législatives finlandaises de 2015 se sont tenues le ref> afin d'élire les deux cents députés de la trente-sixième législature du Parlement finlandais Eduskunta Contexte Gouvernement Katainen Suite aux élections de 2011 le leader du Parti de la Coalition nationale Jyrki Katainen a formé un gouvernement rassemblant six partis le Parti de la Coalition nationale le Parti . A case study: safou (, Sinasson, G. K. S., C. M. Shackleton, A. E. Assogbadjo, and B. Sinsin. Our project aims at broadening this endeavour by re-embedding coastal and oceanic fisheries in their wider context and Bell, F. Kopguep, A. C. Tsobeng, and J. Abega. Forest products, livelihoods and conservation: case. "Cet ouvrage cherche des réponses dans une forme collective. C'est la raison pour laquelle nous avans décidé d'ouvrir ces questions á despensées diverses: écrivains, dramaturges, metteurs en scéne, enseignants."--Page 4 of cover. densities, the original vegetation, a mixture of semi-deciduous and evergreen tropical forest, has almost totally been converted into a mosaic of agroforestry systems (multi-strata tree-, based polycultures) and human settlements where indigenous, cultivated and exotic plant, species occur together (Rivière 2000). They include food products (fruits, game, mushroom, etc. Pierre ex Heckel (Awono et al. Awono, A., O. Ndoye, K. Schreckenberg, H. Tabuna, F. Isseri, and L. Temple. Biotechnologie, agronomie, société et environnement 13:271. Economic botany, tree planting behaviour in the North West region of Cameroon: the case of. in Western Cameroon, underlined by the huge variation in the species density between sites. Participatory domestication of indigenous tropical trees producing useful and marketable products has been developed to replenish the resource depleted by land clearance for agriculture. This chapter introduces a brief discussion of the paths of participatory methods, within a multidisciplinary perspective, exemplifying its use as an instrument for data collection in ethnobiological research, as well as a discussion of some advantages and disadvantages. La combinaison des deux fut fatale. 2007. Nous te rappellons que la limite d´achat est fixée à 0 TND, et/ou 40 articles tel qu´il est stipulé dans les conditions d´achat. À tout moment, où que vous soyez, sur tous vos appareils. Saisissez votre e-mail et nous vous préviendrons si l'article est de nouveau disponible, Ou si vous préférez, vous pouvez ajouter cet article aux Favoris. Les déterminants du choix des cultures pérennes dans. Uses, management, and economic potential of, humid lowlands of Cameroon. 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